■綜説
PBLからこれからの医学教育を考える
藤倉 輝道
日本医科大学武蔵小杉病院耳鼻咽喉科
日本医科大学教育推進室
Deliberate Unborn Medical Education Through the Process of Reviewing Problem-based Learning
Terumichi Fujikura
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital
Academic Quality and Development Office, Nippon Medical School
Over the last 40 years, problem-based learning (PBL) has swept the world of medical education. Small-group, self-directed, and self-assessed PBL is a use of the PBL tutorial which embodies most of the principles known to improve learning. The principle of self-directed learning is extremely important. Learners of today have to deal with enlarging and renewing knowledge of medical science. To create an environment in which learners would form self-directed study habits that would become the bases for life-long self-education is essential. The PBL tutorial is a good option for creating this educational environment.
There are social needs for doctors to practice evidence-based medicine. Today's information explosion also affects patient attitudes toward their healthcare issues. Communication skills are also needed to create a partnership with patients and staff. Small-group learning in the PBL tutorial can be used to develop generic skills and attitudes, such as teamwork, cooperation, and presentation skills. PBL has positive effects on knowledge application and clinical performance rather than on knowledge acquisition. The PBL tutorial is a good educational method for dealing with these demands of today. Team-based learning is also an attractive educational method, but its concepts are different from those of PBL. We could design team-based learning to develop a linkage between lectures in a large classroom and PBL.
There must be integrated institutional responsibility in a medical education program for the overall design, management, and evaluation of a coherent and coordinated curriculum. There is evidence that graduates of PBL curricula demonstrate equivalent or superior professional competencies compared with graduates of more traditional curricula. The concepts and philosophies of PBL embody the flexibility and adaptability necessary to meet the challenges of medical education.
日医大医会誌 2012; 8(3), 188-194
Key words
problem-based learning, self-directed learning, life-long self education, communication skills, team-based learning
Correspondence to
Terumichi Fujikura, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital, 1-396 Kosagi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-8533, Japan
E-mail：teru-fujik@nms.ac.jp
受付：2012年2月11日 受理：2012年3月10日 |
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