■綜説
新時代を迎える神経難病の災害対策：COVID-19パンデミックと災害対策基本法改正を経て
中根 俊成
日本医科大学付属病院脳神経内科
Disaster Countermeasures for the Patients with Neurological Intractable Diseases Entering a New Era: After the COVID-19 Pandemic and Revision of the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act in Japan
Shunya Nakane
Department of Neurology, Nippon Medical School Hospital
Patients with intractable neurological diseases require disaster preparedness plans for themselves and their families. However, implementing these measures is difficult, and various issues must be resolved. The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare's Research Project for Overcoming Intractable Diseases and the Disaster Committee of the Japanese Society of Neurology have discussed how patients with intractable diseases and their families, who are vulnerable to disasters, should prepare for disasters and what they should do when a disaster strikes. Through these discussions, effective preparedness and countermeasures are being developed. In light of the effects the COVID-19 pandemic has had on clinical practice in Japan since January 2020, it has been recognized that clinicians must consider how to deal with patients with intractable diseases in the event of a "combined disaster"(i.e. a natural disaster occurring during an infectious disease pandemic). Sanitary management and measures to prevent the spread of infection at evacuation centers during disasters must be implemented in advance. In addition, decentralized evacuation plans need to be made immediately in preparation for combined disasters. The Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act in Japan was revised in May 2021, and the most important point was that each municipality was obliged to make efforts to formulate individual evacuation plans. In view of the increasing number of natural disasters and the continuing COVID-19, it is necessary to incorporate a complex disaster evacuation plan into the formulation of individual evacuation plans. Medical professionals involved in treating patients with intractable diseases must raise their awareness of disaster preparedness and cooperate fully with people in other professions.
日医大医会誌 2022; 18(4), 371-378
Key words
neurological intractable disease, disaster countermeasures, COVID-19 pandemic, Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act
Correspondence to
Shunya Nakane, Department of Neurology, Nippon Medical School Hospital, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
E-mail：s-nakane@nms.ac.jp
受付：2022年4月27日 受理：2022年5月19日 |
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