Journal of Nippon Medical School: Vol.70 No.1 page.005

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ArticleTitle NSAIDs Caused Gastric Mcuosal Injury: with a Special Reference to COX-2

AuthorList Choitsu Sakamoto

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine III, Nippon Medical School

Language JA

Volume 70

Issue 1

Year 2003

Page 5-11

Received September 30, 2002

Accepted October 15, 2002

Keywords nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), gastric mucosal ingury, COX-1, COX-2, a selective COX-2 antagonist

Abstract
Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to cause mucosal injury in the gastrointestinal tract as a side effect, occasionally turning out to be severe complications such as bleeding and perforation. So far NSAIDs-caused mucosal injury was attributed to their inhibitory effects on the activity of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) which is expressed and shown to play a crucial role for the mucosal protectoin via producing prostaglandin E2 in the stomach. However, a recent progress of the understaining about COX physiology has revealed that NSAIDs cause gastric mucosal injury by inhibiting not only COX-1 but also COX-2 in the stomach. COX-1 inhibition alone has been demonstrated not to cause gasric mucosal injury. In addition, a selective COX-2 inhibitor which is demonstrated to have much less harmful effect in the stomach is now widely used as a safer NSAID in USA. Moreover, a selective COX-2 inhibitor is recently considered to have an inhibitory effect on growth of a certain type of cancers, thereby being in the spotlight as a chemopreventive agent.

Correspondence to Choitsu Sakamoto, Department of Internal Medicine III, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan

ArticleTitle	NSAIDs Caused Gastric Mcuosal Injury: with a Special Reference to COX-2
AuthorList	Choitsu Sakamoto
Affiliation	Department of Internal Medicine III, Nippon Medical School
Language	JA
Volume	70
Issue	1
Year	2003
Page	5-11
Received	September 30, 2002
Accepted	October 15, 2002
Keywords	nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), gastric mucosal ingury, COX-1, COX-2, a selective COX-2 antagonist
Abstract	Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to cause mucosal injury in the gastrointestinal tract as a side effect, occasionally turning out to be severe complications such as bleeding and perforation. So far NSAIDs-caused mucosal injury was attributed to their inhibitory effects on the activity of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) which is expressed and shown to play a crucial role for the mucosal protectoin via producing prostaglandin E2 in the stomach. However, a recent progress of the understaining about COX physiology has revealed that NSAIDs cause gastric mucosal injury by inhibiting not only COX-1 but also COX-2 in the stomach. COX-1 inhibition alone has been demonstrated not to cause gasric mucosal injury. In addition, a selective COX-2 inhibitor which is demonstrated to have much less harmful effect in the stomach is now widely used as a safer NSAID in USA. Moreover, a selective COX-2 inhibitor is recently considered to have an inhibitory effect on growth of a certain type of cancers, thereby being in the spotlight as a chemopreventive agent.
Correspondence to	Choitsu Sakamoto, Department of Internal Medicine III, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan