-Review-

Review on Recent Topics in Hypophysitis

Hitoshi Sugihara

Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan

The number of cases of lymphocytic hypophysitis is small, although the condition is not rare. For optimal therapy, the correct diagnosis from imaging, immunological studies, and pathological findings from a pituitary biopsy is important. Recently, anti-Rabphilin antibody has been proposed to be a biomarker for lymphocytic infundibulo-neurohypophysitis. Immunological disorders such as anti-Pit-1 antibody syndrome are similar to the pathogenesis of lymphocytic hypophysitis. Moreover, recent immune checkpoint blockade such ipilimumab has been shown to induce anti-CTLA-4-related hypophysitis. In the future, elucidating the immunological mechanism and establishing a suitable therapy will be necessary for accurate long-term prognosis.

J Nippon Med Sch 2017; 84: 201-208

Keywords
hypophysitis, Rabphilin, Pit-1, immune checkpoint blockade

Correspondence to
Hitoshi Sugihara, MD, PhD, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
hitoshi@nms.ac.jp

Received, July 10, 2017
Accepted, August 2, 2017