-Case Reports-

Successful Intensive Care Treatment of Severe Lactic Acidosis and Tumor Lysis Syndrome Related to Intravascular Lymphoma

Hiroshi Mase^1,2, Yutaro Ogawa¹, Jumpei Takeuchi¹, Yuki Genda^1,2, Shingo Ichiba² and Atsuhiro Sakamoto¹

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
²Department of Surgical Intensive Care, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan

Intravascular lymphoma is a rare disease that progresses to multiple organ dysfunction caused primarily by tumor cell proliferation in small blood vessels. Few studies have investigated critical care management of intravascular lymphoma. We describe a rare case of multiple organ failure due to intravascular lymphoma with severe lactic acidosis in a patient who survived. A 64-year-old man with impaired consciousness was diagnosed as having intravascular large B-cell lymphoma by means of a random skin biopsy. The patient arrived at our hospital's intensive care unit (ICU) with impaired consciousness, respiratory failure that required mechanical ventilation, and lactic acidosis that required renal replacement therapy. Mechanical ventilation and renal replacement therapy were continued in the ICU, and his respiratory status and circulatory dynamics eventually stabilized. However, his impaired consciousness and hyperlactatemia did not improve until after the start of chemotherapy with doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, prednisolone, and rituximab. Although he developed tumor lysis syndrome immediately after chemotherapy, his systemic condition was gradually stabilized by continued critical care management primarily comprising renal replacement therapy. He was weaned from ventilator support after a tracheotomy and moved to the general ward. Hematopoietic malignancy with hyperlactatemia has a very poor prognosis; however, hyperlactatemia and impaired consciousness were dramatically improved in this patient by critical care management and chemotherapy.

J Nippon Med Sch 2020; 87: 32-36

Keywords
lymphoma, lactic acidosis, renal replacement therapy, chemotherapy, critical care

Correspondence to
Hiroshi Mase, MD, PhD, Department of Anesthesiology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
hiroshi-m@nms.ac.jp

Received, January 26, 2019
Accepted, June 26, 2019