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-Short Communication-
IgG Antibodies, SARS-CoV-2 Load, and Prognostic Indicators in Patients with Severe and Mild COVID-19 in Japan
1Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care (Infectious Diseases), Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
2Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
We assessed the association of severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) load, IgG antibody level, and prognostic indicators.Twenty-one patients hospitalized with COVID-19 were classified as having severe or mild disease on the basis of average respiratory rate during hospitalization (severe: ≥22 breaths/min; mild: <22 breaths/min). Viral load in nasopharyngeal samples, blood levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocytes, and D-dimer on admission and plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) index on Day 7±2 after symptom onset were compared in relation to disease severity. Seven patients had severe disease and 14 had mild disease. Those with severe disease had a significantly higher IgG index (median: 3.75 vs 0.56, p=0.01) and CRP (median: 8.6 vs 1.0 mg/dL, p<0.001) and D-dimer levels (median: 1.65 vs 0.75 μg/mL; p=0.002) and a significantly lower lymphocyte count (median: 1,176 vs 666 cells/μL, p=0.005) and viral load (median: 8.7×106 vs 2.3×104 copies/mL, p=0.005). Furthermore, time from symptom onset to virus disappearance was significantly longer in severe patients (median: 24 vs 17 days, p=0.03). A high IgG index in the early phase of the disease was associated with severe disease and might serve as a prognostic indicator.
J Nippon Med Sch 2021; 88: 380-383
Keywords
COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, IgG index, viral load, prognostic indicators
Correspondence to
Sadako Yoshizawa, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine, 5-21-16 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan
sadako@med.toho-u.ac.jp
Received, July 29, 2020
Accepted, October 28, 2020
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