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Journal of Nippon Medical School

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Postoperative Bleeding Risk in Thyroid Surgery: Differences between Conventional and Endoscopic Video-Assisted Neck Surgery Methods

Marie Saitou1, Haruki Akasu2, Tomoo Jikuzono1, Masaomi Sen1, Hiroko Kazusaka1, Mami Matsui1 and Iwao Sugitani1

1Department of Endocrine Surgery, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
2Department of Endocrine Surgery, Nippon Medical School Musashi Kosugi Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan


Background: Postoperative bleeding is a potentially life-threatening complication following thyroidectomy, but the risk factors and timing remain insufficiently understood. The bleeding rate for endoscopic surgery, specifically video-assisted neck surgery (VANS), also remains unclear in Japan.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study of postoperative bleeding requiring readmission to the operating room.
Results: The overall postoperative bleeding rate was 1.85%. Multivariate analysis revealed that postoperative bleeding was independently associated with antithrombotic therapy (odds ratio 2.95; 95% confidence interval 1.15-7.59) and dialysis (odds ratio 6.53; 95% confidence interval 1.75-24.2). Among patients with postoperative bleeding, the complication developed within 6 h in 56.1% and within 24 h in 93.0%. The postoperative bleeding rate in endoscopic surgery was 1.6%. The most common site of bleeding was around the thyroid in conventional surgery and around the flap in endoscopic surgery.
Conclusions: Post-thyroidectomy bleeding is associated with antithrombotic therapy or dialysis. While the bleeding rate in endoscopic surgery is similar to that in conventional surgery, the bleeding site differs.

J Nippon Med Sch 2024; 91: 432-438

Keywords
postoperative hemorrhage, thyroidectomy, video-assisted surgery, papillary thyroid carcinoma

Correspondence to
Marie Saitou, Department of Endocrine Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan
s-marie@nms.ac.jp

Received, April 26, 2024
Accepted, June 17, 2024